Kalmar is a city on the coast in Swedish Småland. The city is one of Sweden’s oldest cities, and for centuries it was a border fortress with Denmark. In the 13th century, Kalmar traded with the Hanseatic League, and over the years a wall was constructed around the city. In 1397, the city rose to fame since the Kalmar Union between Denmark, Norway and Sweden was established at a meeting in Kalmar, and Erik of Pomerania was crowned king.
The Kalmar War was fought 1611-1613 between Denmark and Sweden, and in the decades after that the town was moved from the castle area to the island of Kvarnholmen to be more secure. With Sweden’s conquest of what is now Southern Sweden in 1658, things became more peaceful, but at the same time Kalmar lost its importance as a border fortress. The Swedish fleet was moved to Karlskrona, and the garrison was disbanded. In the 19th century, Kalmar began to grow again, and this time expansion was outside the old fortress town.
Today, Kalmar is beautifully situated by the sea, and you can see two cities within the city. West of Kalmar Castle is Gamla Stan, while the city’s current center is in the 17th-century town on Kvarnholmen. The city was laid out with right-angled streets and Stortorget formed the center. Kalmar Cathedral/Kalmar Domkyrka is the dominant building in the fine square. It was the castle architect Nicodemus Tessin the elder who designed the church in modified baroque, and it was built 1660-1703.
The church interior is beautiful, bright and with fine decorations, where you can, among other things, can see the altar section, the organ and the pulpit as highlights. On Stortorget, you can also see Kalmar’s town hall, which was erected 1684-1690 in Dutch Baroque, which is similar in style to many of Kalmar’s town houses. Next to the town hall is the Calmar Stadshotell from 1907. It is a hotel that was built in the Art Nouveau style of the time.
If you go for a walk on Kvarnholmen, you can go to the square Larmtorget, where the city guard resided until the 19th century. At the square you can see the Kalmar Theatre, which was designed by Bror Malmberg and inaugurated in 1863. Next to the theater is the Masonic House, which was opened in 1878 by the Freemasonry in Kalmar. To the south is the district’s third square, Lilla Torget, where you can see Kavaljersporten, Kalmar’s old city gate towards the harbor southeast of the city. The gate was built in 1697, and it is a preserved part of the 17th-century wall around the district on Kvarnholmen.
From Lilla Torget you can walk along the harbor to the east to the Government bastions, by which the Kalmar Maritime Museum is located, and Carolus Philipus. Between the bastions was Holmporten gate. If you continue around Kvarnholm, you come to the impressive Västerport, which was the western city gate towards the mainland. At Västerport you can see the 65-meter-high water tower, which was built 1887-1900, and from here you can walk along the Ravelinsbron, which leads to the Prins Carl ravelin, and which was the city’s only connection to the mainland.
On the mainland, the old Kalmar was located around Gamla Torget, before the city was moved to Kvarnholmen in the middle of the 17th century. From Gamla Torget you can walk along Gamla Kungsgatan, which gives the feel of historic Kalmar. You can also take a walk along the charming Västerlånggaten, where a rural idyll almost prevails.
Close to this is the beautiful Kalmar Castle, which is located on the island of Slottsholmen. The original castle was built around the year 1200 as a fortification, and the appearance of the current castle dates from the 16th century, when Gustav Vasa and his sons Erik XIV and Johan III rebuilt the medieval castle into a magnificent castle, which today stands as one of Sweden’s finest Renaissance structures. There are many fine interiors of the castle, such as the church and the Golden Hall from 1576. It was here at the castle that the Kalmar Union was formed in 1397, and with that Kalmar Castle entered the history books as one of Scandinavia’s important historical places.
Kvarnholmen is the central island of Kalmar, where the current city centre was built in the mid-17th century. After Kalmar had been located around the old medieval castle for centuries, the Swedish state decided to move the city to a more protected location, as the old settlement was too close to the castle and was vulnerable during the wars against Denmark. The move was planned after 1647, and Kvarnholmen was chosen as the new city centre due to its natural harbour and the island’s strategic location between the mainland and Kalmar Castle. The new city plan was designed as a classic example of 17th century Renaissance cities, with a regular street grid, rectangular squares and a central square, where both the cathedral and the town hall were located.
The construction of the city on Kvarnholmen was led by the king’s architects and surveyors, and the work continued for several decades. The new city was surrounded by ramparts and bastions, which were built according to the modern defence principles of the time. The fortifications included seven bastions, moats and ramparts, which together made Kalmar one of Sweden’s best fortified cities in the 17th century. Most of the bastions were later razed, but the structure can still be seen in the city’s streets and green areas. The buildings on Kvarnholmen were laid out with wide streets, and many of the houses, which were built of stone instead of wood, reflect the urban planning of the time, which was intended to prevent new city fires.
Today, Kvarnholmen is the center of Kalmar, where many of the city’s oldest buildings and institutions are located. Here are Kalmar Cathedral, the Town Hall, the Residence and a number of merchant houses and warehouses from the 18th and 19th centuries. The streets are characterized by classicist and baroque buildings with plastered facades, and around Stortorget are several of the city’s most important public buildings. Kvarnholmen also contains the city’s harbor and quay, where there was previously extensive trade in timber and iron to Lübeck and Copenhagen. Today, the area is a mix of administrative buildings, restored historic houses and modern shops, but the street network and the city’s 17th-century structure are still intact. Together with Kalmar Castle, Kvarnholmen forms a whole that bears witness to the transition from a medieval city to a planned Renaissance city in Sweden.
Stortorget in Kalmar is located in the middle of the city center and has been the city’s most important public square since the 17th century. It was built as part of the new city plan that emerged after the relocation of Kalmar from the old medieval city around the castle to its current location on Kvarnholmen. The move was decided after the Kalmar Wars in the early 17th century, when the original city was heavily damaged. The new city was given a regulated Renaissance plan with rectangular streets and a central square, Stortorget, which became the city’s administrative and religious center.
The square was designed according to the classical principles of 17th-century urban planning, inspired by, among other things, contemporary Dutch market towns. It is symmetrically located in relation to Kalmar Cathedral, which was placed in the middle of the square’s south side, and is flanked by the former town hall and merchants’ yards. During the construction of the city’s new buildings, streets were laid out in a regular grid, and Stortorget was paved with granite stones and given space for markets, parades and church processions.
Today, Stortorget still constitutes Kalmar’s cultural center. Around the square are several listed buildings, including the old town hall building from the 1690s and several stone houses from the 18th century, which today house restaurants and shops. In the middle of the square is Kalmar Cathedral, which dominates the square’s architectural expression with its impressive Baroque architecture. Stortorget appears to be one of the best-preserved urban spaces from Sweden’s time of great power. The square’s proportions, paving and surrounding buildings clearly demonstrate Kalmar’s role as a planned Renaissance city and as one of the few Swedish cities where the original city plan can still be seen intact.
Kalmar Cathedral is located on Stortorget and is one of Sweden’s most distinguished Baroque buildings. It was designed by the Dutch architect Nicodemus Tessin the Elder and built between 1660 and 1703, after Kalmar had moved its city center from the old castle town to Kvarnholmen in the 1640s. The construction marked the transition from the medieval city plan to the new Renaissance city with straight streets and large squares that still characterize this part of Kalmar.
The church was built with a ground plan shaped like a Greek cross, which was typical of some of the Baroque church architecture. There are four corner towers that frame the church, and the interior is characterized by a large, bright church room, where light streams in. Stucco work and classical details highlight the space, and the church contains an extensive collection of furnishings from the late 17th and early 18th centuries. The altarpiece was made by the sculptor Baltzar Hoppenstedt around 1700 with its rich wood carving and gilding.
The pulpit, which is also from the Baroque period, is decorated with figures of the evangelists and a vault of heaven. The organ facade dates from the 18th century, while the current organ was built in the 1980s. On the walls are epitaphs and gravestones of citizens and priests, and the church crypt contains several burial chapels from the 17th and 18th centuries. Among the church’s other treasures is a silver chalice set from the 17th century.
Kalmar’s old town hall is located on Stortorget and was built between 1697 and 1703 as part of the reconstruction of the city after the move from the old Kalmar to the newly built city on Kvarnholmen. The construction was led by the architect Nicodemus Tessin the Younger, whose father was behind Kalmar Cathedral, and the town hall was designed in the style of the time, clearly inspired by the great capital palaces in Stockholm. The building was placed as an architectural counterpart to the cathedral in the middle of the square and marked the position of civic self-government vis-à-vis the authority of the church.
The town hall was built with a strictly symmetrical facade, in which the windows are arranged in a regular pattern. The central part is highlighted with a projection and a triangular pediment, while the interior originally housed the city council hall, court and prison. The basement was used for the city archive and for storing valuables. During the 18th and 19th centuries, the building was used for court hearings, civic meetings and official receptions, and from here Kalmar’s municipal and legal affairs were managed for more than two hundred years.
As the city’s administration grew, most offices moved out of the building, and in the 20th century the town hall was primarily used for representative purposes. A thorough restoration took place in the 1950s, when the facade was cleaned and the interior was returned to its original form. Today the town hall functions as a historical building with both ceremonial and cultural purposes, and it is one of Kalmar’s most striking buildings from the Great Power era. Together with the cathedral and the other 17th-18th century buildings around Stortorget, Kalmar’s town hall bears witness to the planned development of the city.
Lilla Torget is located in the southern part of Kalmar’s city center. It is a square that forms a smaller urban space in the Kalmar city center on Kvarnholmen. The square was established in the late 17th century as part of the planning of the new Renaissance city, where small squares served as a supplement to Stortorget for crafts and local trade. Lilla Torget was particularly used for vegetable and fish trade, and the size and shape of the square made it suitable for daily trade between the city’s citizens and traders from the surrounding countryside.
Architecturally, the square is surrounded by low plastered buildings with brick facades, which mainly date from the 18th and 19th centuries. Many of the buildings have been homes for craftsmen and small merchants, while some today house shops, cafés and restaurants. Lilla Torget has retained its intimate format and gives a good impression of Kvarnholmen’s original urban structure with smaller squares that supported local life and trade.
There are several things to see at Lilla Torget. To the east is Kavaljersporten, which was built in 1697 as a connection to Storbron, which was the largest wooden pier in Kalmar’s harbor for many years. The gate was built with casemates, where the guard was housed. To the west, along Västra Sjögatan, you can see the Residence and the State House of Kalmar, which were built around 1660 as the residence of the state accountant Hans Eriksson. In 1670, the building was taken over by the crown and used as a customs house and the residence of the customs officer. In 1686, the building was officially designated as the governor’s residence and has since served as the official residence of the governors of Kalmar County.
The architecture of the building is characterized by a classicist style with baroque elements. The original structure consisted of two floors with a main facade facing Ölandsgatan and a high hipped roof. In the 1680s, the building was expanded with a new wing towards Lilla Torget, and in 1854, an additional wing was added towards Västra Sjögatan in a French manor house style, which was introduced by the architect Carl Hårleman in Sweden.
Kalmar County Museum is located in the historic district of Kvarnholmen and was founded in 1915 to document and communicate the cultural and natural history of Kalmar County. The museum aims to preserve both tangible and intangible cultural assets from the region and at the same time acts as a mediator of local traditions, architecture and social conditions. The museum building is a former steam mill, which stands as an impressive industrial building from the late 19th century directly on the water at Kalmar Harbor.
The collections include archaeological finds from the Stone and Iron Ages, medieval objects from Kalmar and Øland, art from the 17th and 18th centuries, as well as textiles, ceramics and furniture from the region’s bourgeoisie and rural population. The museum also houses special exhibitions on the Kalmar Union, the history of Øland and Kalmar’s maritime importance through the centuries. One of the museum’s main tasks is to convey the history of Kalmar as a strategic city, including the city’s role during the Kalmar Wars and as a trading post on the Baltic Sea.
Kalmar Maritime Museum is located close to the Kvarnholmen quay area and focuses on the city’s maritime history and trade across the Baltic Sea. The museum was established in the 1950s and has since collected objects, documents and models that illustrate Kalmar as a seafaring city. The collection includes local fishing gear, ship models from several centuries, navigational instruments and documentation of the city’s trade routes and shipbuilding tradition.
The building that houses the museum is a former warehouse building, typical of 19th century port construction. The interior is adapted for exhibitions of maritime objects, where both small models and larger ship parts can be displayed. The museum also has interactive sections where visitors can learn about, for example, navigation, shipbuilding and the importance of fishing for the region.
Larmtorget is one of Kalmar’s oldest and most central squares and is located in the western part of the city on Kvarnholmen. The square was laid out in the late 17th century as part of the new city plan that followed the relocation of the city from the old castle town to its current location. Larmtorget originally served as a marketplace and meeting place for craftsmen, merchants and rural residents from the surrounding area, and both weekly markets and special trading days were held here, where goods from both domestic and foreign producers were sold.
Architecturally, Larmtorget is surrounded by low buildings that primarily date from the 18th and 19th centuries. Several of the buildings were used over time as merchant farms, tanneries and warehouses, and some houses today house cafés and shops, making the square an active urban space. Today, Larmtorget is used for both cultural events and public markets. The square acts as a contrast to Stortorget, where the original atmosphere of commercial life and daily activity can still be experienced.
One of the dominant buildings on Larmtorget is the Frimurarehuset from the 19th century. The building is still used by the Masonic lodge, but parts of the building are open for guided tours, where you can see historical furniture, emblematic symbols and the lodge’s archives. The building represents both Kalmar’s social history and the national pattern for lodge buildings in Sweden in the 19th century, and stands as a central testimony to the city’s organized civic network. You can also see Kalmar Theatre on the square.
Kalmar Theatre was built in 1845–1846 and is one of the city’s oldest theatre buildings. The building was designed by architect Carl Peter Mazer and built in a classicist style with a symmetrical main section. The theatre was built in connection with the city’s growing cultural ambitions and served as a center for both drama, music and public meetings.
The interior is divided into a foyer, the hall with boxes and balconies, as well as a stage and stage technology, which were modernized in several stages in the 20th century. The hall could originally accommodate approximately 500 spectators, and the ceiling was decorated with stucco and ornamentation, which follows the simple and harmonious lines of classicism. Throughout history, the theater has been used both by professional touring theater companies and as a local gathering place for, among other things, performances and concerts.
Västerport, also known as Högvakten, is the best preserved of the original city gates that led into the fortified city on Kvarnholmen in Kalmar. The gate was built in the mid-17th century, when the city was moved from the old medieval city at Kalmar Castle to its new location on the strategically located island. Here, Kvarnholmen was laid out as a modern Renaissance city surrounded by bastions, moats and walls, and Västerport marked the main entrance from the land side. The gate became part of the extensive fortification system that was to protect the city against attacks from both the sea and the mainland.
The gate building itself was built of sandstone and granite with a characteristic vaulted gatehouse through the strong wall. Above the gate arch is a Baroque portal with the Swedish coat of arms and an inscription referring to King Charles X Gustav, under whose reign the structure was completed around 1658. The original construction included a gate bridge over the moat and an outer gate, which were removed in connection with the city’s modernization in the 19th century.
Today, Västerport serves as one of the most striking historical entrances to Kvarnholmen, and remains of the old fortress wall can be clearly seen on both sides. The building is no longer used for military purposes, but today houses small exhibitions and events related to the city’s cultural history.
Kalmar Art Museum is located in Stadsparken close to Kalmar Castle and was inaugurated in 2008. The building was designed by the architectural firm Tham & Videgård Arkitekter, who won the international architectural competition for the museum’s design in 2004. The striking building in black-lacquered aluminum and concrete is located on the foundation of the previous museum building from the 1930s, and is a modern example of Scandinavian minimalism. The museum’s exhibition area consists of three floors with flexible spaces that can be adapted to different types of exhibitions.
The architecture is a deliberate contrast to the surroundings of Stadsparken and Kalmar Castle. The dark facades stand in sharp contrast to the green treetops and the light historical buildings, and the vertical form refers to tower architecture. Inside, a bright, simple interior dominates with large windows that provide views of the castle and Kalmar Sound.
The museum is run by Kalmar Konstmuseums Vänner in collaboration with Kalmar Municipality, and the collections include both modern and contemporary art. It displays works by artists such as Olle Baertling, Lena Cronqvist and Per Kirkeby, and there are also international exhibitions of contemporary art, design and architecture. The museum regularly organizes seminars, film screenings and collaborates with local artists and schools.
Gamla Torget is located in the older part of Kalmar. It is a small square that can be visited immediately west of Kalmar Castle, and it marks the city’s medieval center before the move to Kvarnholmen in the 17th century. The square was built in connection with Kalmar’s development as a market town in the 13th and 14th centuries, and for several centuries it was the city’s political, ecclesiastical and commercial center. Here was the medieval city church, Sankt Nicolai kyrka, which was destroyed during the many wars in the area, and the city’s town hall, merchants’ farms and workshops were also in the area around the square.
After the repeated wars between Denmark and Sweden in the 16th century, the city’s old structure around Gamla Torget was severely damaged. When Kalmar moved to Kvarnholmen in the 1640s, Gamla Torget and the old town increasingly became a peripheral area. Today, the square serves as a historical monument to the medieval city of Kalmar and as an important archaeological site, where several excavations have uncovered remains of buildings, paving and defenses from the early city.
The area around Gamla Torget is characterized by low, older buildings and remains of the city’s medieval street network. There are information boards that tell about the former city life, and visitors can form an impression of what Kalmar looked like before the city moved.
Kalmar Castle is the most striking building in Kalmar, and it is one of Sweden’s best-preserved Renaissance castles. It originally arose as a medieval castle in the 12th century, when Kalmar was a border town with Denmark and one of the kingdom’s most important strongholds to the south. The castle was expanded in the 13th and 14th centuries with thick ring walls, corner towers and a defensive bastion that could withstand contemporary siege weapons. In 1397, Kalmar Castle became the center of the Kalmar Union when Queen Margrethe united Denmark, Norway, and Sweden under one crown.
In the 16th century, the castle was transformed into a Renaissance castle under Gustav Vasa and his sons; especially Erik XIV and Johan III. They incorporated the old medieval walls into a new castle complex with a symmetrical plan, round arches, stone staircases, and decorative details in the Italian Renaissance style. The architects Hans von Steenwinckel and Dominicus Pahr were among the prominent builders, and the castle acquired its characteristic appearance with copper-covered towers, a sandstone portal, and a large courtyard with a fountain. During this period, Kalmar Castle became a royal castle of European size and functioned as a residence, fortress, and state prison.
After the 17th century, Kalmar lost its strategic importance when the border with Denmark moved south after the Peace of Roskilde in 1658. The castle gradually fell into disrepair and in the 18th century was used as a prison and granary. It was not until the 19th century that extensive restoration began, led by the architects Helgo Zettervall and Fredrik Wilhelm Scholander. Today, Kalmar Castle stands as a national cultural heritage complex with exhibitions on the art and politics of the Vasa period, as well as permanent exhibitions on the Kalmar Union. The castle lake, moats and surrounding parks have been preserved, and the castle is used today for both exhibitions and official events.
Borgholm is a town located on the western coast of Øland facing Kalmarsund. The town was granted market town rights in 1816, but the area around Borgholm has a much longer history. There has been settlement here since the Middle Ages, and the town’s development has always been closely linked to the nearby Borgholm Castle and to the royal presence on the island. In the 19th century, Borgholm became an important spa and bathing area, and the town’s popularity as a summer town grew rapidly, which especially happened after the construction of a ferry connection to the mainland and later the railway from Färjestaden in 1906.
The town’s streets were planned according to a classic rectangular town plan with a square, harbor and parallel main streets, and many of the older houses from the 19th century have been preserved in the cozy streets. Borgholm’s harbor was expanded in the 19th century and today has both a fishing and a marina. In the center of the city is the Square, surrounded by buildings from the 19th and 20th centuries; including the former town hall from the 1860s and the characteristic Borgholms Kyrka from 1879, which almost looks like a small castle.
Today, Borgholm is characterized by tourism, and in the summer months the population doubles. The pedestrian street Storgatan, which runs through the city, has many cafes, shops and galleries. The cultural and historical connection to Borgholms Slott continues to play a major role, and the city is also known for Solliden, which is located a few kilometers south of the city center and serves as the Swedish royal family’s summer residence. Solliden is a large royal villa surrounded by nature and a park.
The most famous attraction, however, is Borgholms Slottsruin, which are the remains of Borgholms Slott, which was begun as a medieval castle in the 13th century. The complex served as an important defense against Denmark in the many wars between the two kingdoms. The castle was expanded several times and in the 17th century was transformed into a Renaissance castle under Johan III and later Karl X Gustav. The architects Hans Fleming and Nicodemus Tessin the Elder were behind the extensive reconstruction, where the old castle was given four corner towers and an inner castle courtyard in the Italian Renaissance style. The castle complex was considered one of the most modern in Sweden at its time.
In 1806, the castle was hit by a major fire that left the entire building complex in ruins. The outer walls and towers survived, and these are what can be seen today as Borgholm Castle Ruins. The ruins are impressive with their high walls. Today, the castle ruins are a cultural-historical monument and an important excursion destination for the whole of Øland. An exhibition section has been established that tells about the castle’s architecture and history from the Middle Ages to the fire in 1806. In the summer, the ruin is used as a setting for concerts, theater performances and historical markets, and the site has gained status as one of Sweden’s most spectacular open-air stages.
Långe Jan is Sweden’s tallest lighthouse and one of Øland’s most striking landmarks. It is located on the southernmost tip of Øland at Ottenby Nature Reserve, and it was built in 1785 on the site where a chapel had previously stood. The lighthouse was built from stone from the ruins of St. John’s Chapel, which was located nearby and had been a well-known maritime landmark already in the Middle Ages. The name Långe Jan means the long John and refers both to the former chapel and to the tower’s impressive height.
The lighthouse is 41.6 meters high. The lower part was built of limestone, while the top was reinforced and modernized in the 1840s, when the tower was also raised and given its characteristic black central belt. Originally, the light was created with an open coal furnace, and later there were lens devices, before today’s modern electric lighting. The lighthouse’s light range is about 23 nautical miles. After being manned for over 150 years, Långa Jan was automated in 1948.
Today, Långa Jan is an important tourist attraction and part of Naturum Ottenby, which is run by the Swedish Agency for Nature Conservation. Visitors can climb the 197 steps to the viewing platform, from which there is a wide view of the Baltic Sea and the open landscape of Ottenby. The area around the lighthouse is one of Northern Europe’s most important bird migration areas, and here is also the Ottenby bird station, where migratory birds have been ringed and observed since 1946. The lighthouse, the nature station and the surrounding royal hunting area together form one of Øland’s most visited natural and cultural environments.
Karlskrona is a town in Blekinge in southwestern Sweden. Its history goes back to the 17th century, when Sweden conquered southern Sweden from Denmark. North of the current city was the Danish medieval town of Lykkeby, and south of it were islands in the archipelago. In 1679 Vittus Andersson had to sell the island of Trossö to the Swedish state, which established Sweden’s primary naval station on the island. The naval harbor was protected by the archipelago, and fortifications were built to strengthen it even further.
Karlskrona was given city privileges in 1680, and bridges to the mainland were constructed from here. Neighboring towns were deprived of privileges, and citizens and merchants were forced to move to the new town, which grew rapidly to become one of Sweden’s largest cities. Over the years, however, Sweden lost its role as a great power, and Karlskrona thus lost part of its importance. However, the city retained its position as a naval base and thereby its military importance.
Växjö is located in southern Småland and serves as the administrative center of Kronoberg County. The city has about 70,000 inhabitants and is located by the lakes Växjösjön and Trummen, which has historically given it a strategic location in an area with both agriculture, forestry and trade. The name Växjö comes from the old Vägsjö, which refers to the fact that the roads here crossed the lake in winter when the ice was solid. The city is first mentioned in written sources in the 12th century, and it grew as a local church center and later as the residence of the bishop of Småland.
During the Middle Ages, Växjö became an important religious and administrative center. The first cathedral was probably built in the 12th century, and the city developed around the bishop’s seat. In the 16th century, Växjö became a rallying point during the Småland peasant uprisings. This happened, for example, during the Dacke Feud in the 1540s, where Nils Dacke had support in the area.
Kalmar Castle, Sweden[/caption]
Overview of Kalmar
Kalmar is a city on the coast in Swedish Småland. The city is one of Sweden’s oldest cities, and for centuries it was a border fortress with Denmark. In the 13th century, the city traded with the Hanseatic League, and over the years a wall was constructed around the city. In 1397, the city rose to fame since the Kalmar Union between Denmark, Norway and Sweden was established at a meeting in Kalmar, and Erik of Pomerania was crowned king.
The City War was fought 1611-1613 between Denmark and Sweden, and in the decades after that the town was moved from the castle area to the island of Kvarnholmen to be more secure. With Sweden’s conquest of what is now Southern Sweden in 1658, things became more peaceful, but at the same time the city lost its importance as a border fortress. The Swedish fleet was moved to Karlskrona, and the garrison was disbanded. In the 19th century, Kalmar began to grow again, and this time expansion was outside the old fortress town.
Today, the city is beautifully situated by the sea, and you can see two cities within the city. West of Kalmar Castle is Gamla Stan, while the city’s current center is in the 17th-century town on Kvarnholmen. The city was laid out with right-angled streets and Stortorget formed the center. Kalmar Cathedral/Kalmar Domkyrka is the dominant building in the fine square. It was the castle architect Nicodemus Tessin the elder who designed the church in modified baroque, and it was built 1660-1703.
About the Kalmar travel guide
Contents: Tours in the city + tours in the surrounding area
Published: Released soon
Author: Stig Albeck
Publisher: Vamados.com
Language: English
About the travel guide
The Kalmar travel guide gives you an overview of the sights and activities of the Swedish city. Read about top sights and other sights, and get a tour guide with tour suggestions and detailed descriptions of all the city’s most important churches, monuments, mansions, museums, etc.
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Sweden Travel Guide: https://vamados.com/sweden
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